Nadiem Makarim was sentenced to 10 years in prison for corruption related to a school laptop procurement project.
The court ruled he abused his authority to favor Google, an investor in his former company, Gojek.
He is ordered to pay 809.6 billion rupiah in restitution or face an additional five years of jail time.
The former education minister plans to appeal the court's decision, maintaining that the policy was a good-faith pandemic initiative.